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| Registros recuperados: 33 | |
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| MacAuley, Molly K.. |
| In 1994 one of the most radical institutional restructurings in the U.S. government's provision of critical weather information took place after eight unsuccessful attempts. A presidential decision directive merged weather data collection by satellites operated by the Department of Defense for military operations and satellites operated by the Department of Commerce for civilian weather forecasting. Such radical restructuring involving government agencies with different objectives, economic constraints, and operating cultures is rare. This paper reviews the decision that led to "convergence," discusses economic arguments advanced for the merger, and finds that the problem of an incomplete contract, from the perspective of contract theory, is the... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Weather economics; Space economics; Value of information; Government policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q28; O32; Q00. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10539 |
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| Reiterating our commitment to the principles and objectives set out in the Constitutive Act of the African Union and our common conviction that peace, security, democracy, good governance, political and social stability as well as sound economic policies are essential conditions for the sustainable socio-economic development of the African continent; |
| Tipo: Conference Material |
Palavras-chave: Government policy. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/548 |
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| von Braun, Joachim; de Haen, Hartwig; Blanken, Juergen. |
| Rapid population growth in agroecologies that are already under high population pressure poses a major challenge for development policy. It becomes an even greater challenge in complex agroecologies where little new technology for rapid agricultural expansion is available. The mountain zones of the Zaire-Nile Divide in Central Africa present an example of such a challenging environment where agriculture has encroached onto marginal zones, that is, water catchment areas and the last tropical forests of the area. This study by von Braun, de Haen, and Blanken highlights the potentials of agricultural development for the employment, income, and consumption of the poor, but also stresses that nonagricultural rural growth and employment expansion are key to... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Agriculture and State; Rwanda; Produce trade; Government policy; Exports; Food supply; Nutrition policy; Population; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Development. |
| Ano: 1991 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42154 |
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| Teklu, Tesfaye; von Braun, Joachim; Zaki, El Sayed. |
| Sudan experienced severe food shortage and famine during the 1970s and 1980s. For a country known for its vast agricultural resources, this is both unfortunate and ironic. This research report explores the basic factors that contributed to the recurrence of this phenomenon and identifies policies and actions for avoiding famines and achieving sound and sustainable food policies. The study demonstrates the complexity of policy for prevention, which encompasses macroeconomic reform, promotion of agricultural production and technological change, market development, employment promotion, and interventions for health and nutrition. The researchers extensively investigated all theses aspects from primarily field data gathered before and after the 1984-85... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Famine; Sudan; Droughts; Food relief; Government policy; Drought relief; Food Security and Poverty. |
| Ano: 1991 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42119 |
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| Dorosh, Paul A.; Valdes, Alberto. |
| This report on Pakistan is one of a series of country studies undertaken by the International Trade and Food Security Program are IFPRI on trade and macroeconomic policies. Other studies in this series include research reports on Colombia, Argentina, Nigeria, Zaire, and the Philippines, and collaborative work with the World Bank on this tonic in several other countries in Asia, Africa, and Latin America. The findings from this research have vividly shown the need to analyze the effects of policy interventions in agriculture in developing countries in an economic-wide framework. There is now an overwhelming body of evidence showing that trade and exchange rate policies have, in most countries, had a far greater impact, generally adverse, on agricultural... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Produce trade; Government policy; Pakistan; Agriculture prices; Foreign exchange problem; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 1990 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42161 |
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| Webb, Patrick; von Braun, Joachim; Yohannes, Yisehac. |
| This study argues that famines are preventable. What was once a universal threat to human life is now primarily in Sub-Saharan Africa. Africa is likely to be the only continent to experience a continued high level of famine mortality during the 1990s, as well as an increase in absolute poverty. Therefore, the current challenge facing policymakers and research organizations such as IFPRI is to reduce the negative effects of famine in Africa and to lay the foundations for its longer- term eradication. This research by Patrick Webb, Joachim von Braum, and Yisehac Yohannes was designed to contribute to a better understanding of the root causes of famine and thereby to identify appropriate policies and projects for famine mitigation. As part of a larger IFPRI... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Famines; Ethiopia; Droughts; Government policy; Food supply; Agricultural and Food Policy. |
| Ano: 1992 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37973 |
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| Chowdhury, Nuimuddin; Farid, Naser; Roy, Devesh. |
| Three factors, advent of new technology (HYV), development of infrastructure and market liberalization working in tandem have delivered favorable food security outcomes for Bangladesh. Bangladesh’s food-policy has benefited from a liberalized trade regime and a consistent downsizing of the government, all with favorable effects on poverty and nutrition. Post liberalization, the findings suggest a perceptible increase in the cost-effectiveness of the public food grain distribution system (PFDS). The favorable effects of liberalization are also evident in growths in outputs, market size, the size of private stocks, the emergence of a two peak harvest seasonality, and finally in declining real rice prices. The government has moreover downsized the PFDS,... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Food policy; Liberalization; Government policy; Markets; Food security; Agricultural and Food Policy; Marketing. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58574 |
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| Tarr, P.; Blackie, R.. |
| This paper examines the evolution, since 1990, of key government policies on sustainable development in Namibia. Namibia’s approach has been largely homegrown, responding to issues that are of concern to the Namibian public and policy-makers. The most successful policies have been those that have either been based on strong community-level institutions such as conservancies, or on high-quality scientific analysis, such as the management of fisheries and Environmental Assessments (EAs). Both examples have involved strong stakeholder participation in the formulation of policies and legislation. While issues relating to land and local governance of natural resources require cooperation from up to four government ministries to resolve conflicts,... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Government policy; Sustainable development; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35332. |
| Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/547 |
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| Scobie, Grant M.. |
| During the next few decades, tremendous demands will be placed on the foreign exchange-earning capacities of developing countries. These countries need to pay for rapidly increasing food imports and, in addition, for the capital goods they need to import to sustain economic growth. Intensives pressure will also be placed on the real incomes of low-income people, particularly if the real price of food rises in response to the rapid growth of demand. That pressure, in turn, will increase the pressure for consumer food subsidies, aided by a growing realization that food subsidies are labor subsidies in the same sense that interest rate subsidies are capital subsidies. In contrast, constraints on foreign exchange availability, saving rates, and the... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Wheat trade; Government policy; Egypt; Food supplies; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 1981 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42217 |
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| Goodwin, Barry K.. |
| The U.S. government has been extensively involved in providing income support and risk management policies for U.S. farmers over the last 65 years. Risk management policies have included crop insurance, disaster relief, and in recent years, revenue insurance. Recent policy changes signaled an intention on the part of policy makers, at least in principle, to move U.S. agriculture toward the free market. Low commodity prices and localized droughts, however, have brought about renewed calls for direct income assistance. In this paper, we discuss the role of the government in providing policies to address income shortfalls and risk in agriculture. Problems and inconsistencies with policies are identified and discussed. Implications for international markets... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Crop insurance; Government policy; Risk management; Agricultural and Food Policy; Risk and Uncertainty. |
| Ano: 2000 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14700 |
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| Boon, E.K.; Hens, L.. |
| This paper reviews the state of the environment in Ghana and explores the potential for the use of institutional, legal and economic instruments in environmental management in the specific context of this developing country. The environmental situation in Ghana is characterised by desertification, land degradation, deforestation, soil erosion, desertification and inadequate water supply in the Northern regions of the country. The population as a whole is growing at a rate of 3% per annum, with even greater urban growth rates, due to rural out-migration. Large parts of the coastal zone in the south are rapidly developing to become one large suburbanised area. Water quality is particularly threatened in the urban and industrialised areas, which are mainly... |
| Tipo: Working Paper |
Palavras-chave: Environmental legislation; Government policy. |
| Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/375 |
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| Holden, Stein T.; Shiferaw, Bekele A.; Pender, John L.. |
| Soil fertility and the lack of fertilizer use in Africa are frequently discussed topics. The problems of land degradation and low agricultural productivity, which result in food insecurity and poverty, are particularly severe in the rural highlands of Ethiopia. In many areas, a downward spiral of land degradation and poverty appears to be occurring. Finding solutions to these problems requires identifying effective entry points for farmers, governments, and civil society organizations, and understanding the potential impacts and tradeoffs that are likely to arise from alternative interventions. This report seeks to improve that understanding, using a bioeconomic model of land management and agricultural production developed for a community that is fairly... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Economic aspects; Ethiopia; Food supply; Sustainable agriculture; Sustainable development; Government policy; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37890 |
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| Registros recuperados: 33 | |
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